Composers and their stage works 

Henrik Ibsen

(1828-1906)

Norwegian dramatist. Born in Skien March 20, 1828. Died Christiania May 23, 1906.

Stage Works

Unless otherwise indicated, the plays were first performed in Christiania (now Oslo).

  1. Catilina (Catiline). Drama, 3 acts; verse. Written 1849. Published 1850. Revised 1875. Produced Stockholm, Nya Theatre, Dec. 3, 1881; Oslo, Studio Theatre, Sept. 9, 1935.
  2. Kaempeheien (The Burial Mound / The Warrior's Barrow). Dramatic poem, 1 act; verse. Written 1850; revised 1853. Published 1854. Produced Christiania Theatre, Sept. 16, 1850.
  3. Norma, eller En politikers kjaerlighed (Norma, or The Loves of a Politician). "Tragic opera," 3 acts; verse (actually, a brief satire). Written 1851. Published 1851.
  4. Sancthansnatten (St. John's Eve). Fairy-tale comedy; prologue, verse, and 3 acts, prose. Written 1852. Published 1909. Produced Bergen, Den Nationale Scene, Jan. 2, 1853.
  5. Fru Inger til Østraat (Lady Inger of Østraat). Historical drama, 5 acts; prose. Written 1854. Published 1857. Produced Bergen, Den Nationale Scene, Jan. 2, 1855.
  6. Gildet paa Solhaug (The Feast at Solhaug). Play, 3 acts; verse and prose. Written 1855. Published 1856. Revised 1883. Produced Bergen, Den Nationale Scene, Jan. 2, 1856.
  7. Olaf Liljekrans. Play, 3 acts; verse and prose. Written 1856. Published 1902. Produced Bergen, Den Nationale Scene, Jan. 2 1857.
  8. Haermaendene paa Helgeland (The Vikings at Helgeland). Historical play, 4 acts; prose. Written 1857. Published 1858. Produced Norske Theatre, Nov. 24, 1858.
  9. Kjaerlighedens komedie (Love's Comedy). Comedy, 3 acts; verse. Written 1862. Published 1862. Produced Christiania Theatre, Nov. 24, 1873.
  10. Kongsemnerne (The Pretenders). Historical play, 5 acts; prose. Written 1863. Published 1863. Produced Christiania Theatre, Jan. 17, 1864.
  11. Brand . Dramatic poem, 5 acts; verse. Written 1865. Published 1866. Produced Stockholm, Nya Theatre, Mar. 24, 1885; Christiania, Eldorado Theatre, Oct. 21, 1895.
  12. Peer Gynt. Dramatic poem, 5 acts; verse. Written 1867. Published 1867. Produced Christiania Theatre, Feb. 24, 1876.
  13. De unges forbund (The League of Youth). Comedy, 5 acts; prose. Written 1869. Published 1869. Produced Christiania Theatre, Oct. 18, 1869.
  14. Keiser og Galilaee (Emperor and Galilean). World-historical drama, 2 parts, prose: Caesars frafald (Caesar's Apostasy), 5 acts;
  15. Keiser Julian (The Emperor Julian), 5 acts. Written 1864-1873. Published 1873. Produced Leipzig, Stadttheater, Dec. 5, 1896; Oslo, National Theatre; Part I, Mar. 20, 1903; Part II, Nov. 19, 1955.
  16. Samfundets stetter (Pillars of Society). Drama, 4 acts; prose. Written 1875-77. Published 1877. Produced Christiania, Mellergaten Theatre (in Swedish), Nov. 6, 1878.
  17. Et dukkehjem (A Doll House). Drama, 3 acts; prose. Written 1879. Published 1879. Produced Copenhagen, Royal Theatre, Dec. 21, 1879; Christiania Theatre, Jan. 20, 1880.
  18. Gengangere (Ghosts). Drama, 3 acts; prose. Written 1881. Published 1881. Produced Chicago, Aurora Turner Hall (in Norwegian), May 20, 1882; Christiania, Mbllergaten Theater (in Swedish), Oct. 17, 1883.
  19. En folkefiende (An Enemy of the People). Play, 5 acts; prose. Written 1882. Published 1882. Produced Christiania Theatre, Jan. 13, 1883.
  20. Vildanden (The Wild Duck). Drama, 5 acts; prose. Written 1884. Published 1884. Produced Bergen, Norske Theatre, Jan. 9, 1885; Christiania Theatre, Jan. 11, 1885.
  21. Rosmersholm. Drama, 4 acts; prose. Written 1886. Published 1886. Produced Bergen, Norske Theatre, Jan. 17, 1887; Christiania Theatre, Apr. 12, 1887.
  22. Fruen fra havet (The Lady from the Sea). Drama, 5 acts; prose. Written 1888. Published 1888. Produced Weimar, Hoftheater, Feb. 12, 1889; Christiania Theatre, Feb. 12, 1889.
  23. Hedda Gabler. Drama, 4 acts; prose. Written 1890. Published 1890. Produced Munich, Residenztheater, Jan. 31, 1891; Christiania Theatre, Feb. 26, 1891.
  24. Bygmester Solness (The Master Builder). Drama, 3 acts; prose. Written 1892. Published 1892. Produced Trondheim, Jan. 19, 1893; Berlin, Lessing Theater, Jan. 19, 1893; Christiania Theatre, Mar. 8, 1893.
  25. Lille Eyolf (Little Eyolf). Drama, 3 acts; prose. Written 1894. Published 1894. Produced Berlin, Deutsches Theater, Jan. 12, 1895; Christiania Theatre, Jan. 15, 1895.
  26. John Gabriel Borkman. Drama, 4 acts; prose. Written 1896. Published 1896. Produced Helsingfors, Swedish and Finnish Theatres, Jan. 10, 1897; Drammen, Norway, Jan. 19 1897; Christiania Theatre, Jan. 25, 1897.
  27. Naar vi dede vaagner (When We Dead Awaken). Dramatic epilogue, 3 acts; prose. Written 1899. Published 1899. Produced Stuttgart, Hoftheater, Jan. 26, 1900; Christiania, National Theatre, Feb. 6, 1900.

CRITICISM

Danish and Norwegian

  1. S. Høst, Ibsens diktning og Ibsen selv, Oslo, 1927;
  2. J. Faaland, Henrik Ibsen og antikken, Oslo, 1943;
  3. A. Duve, Symbolikken i Henrik Ibsens skuespill, Oslo, 1945;
  4. F. Bull, Henrik Ibsens Peer Gynt, Oslo, 1947, 1956;
  5. O. Mosfjeld, Henrik Ibsen og Skien, Oslo, 1949;
  6. Ibsenaarbok, ed. by D. Haakonsen, E. Høst, E. Østvedt, and J. Northam, Skien, Oslo, 1953 ff.;
  7. P. Fraenkl, Ibsens vei til drama, Oslo, 1955;
  8. A. Haaland, Seks studies i Ibsen, Oslo, 1965;
  9. D. Haakonsen, Henrik Ibsens realisme, Oslo, 1957;
  10. D. Haakonsen et. al., Contemporary Approaches to Ibsen, Oslo, vol. 1, 1966, vol. 2, 1971, vol. 3, 1977;
  11. E. Høst, Vildanden av Henrik Ibsen, Oslo, 1967;
  12. Omkring Peer Gynt, en antologi, ed. by O. Hageberg, Oslo, 1967;
  13. A. H. Lervik, Ibsens verskunst i Brand, Oslo, 1969;
  14. B. Hemmer, Keiser eller Galileer, Konfliktstrukturen i Henrik Ibsens diktning 1850-1873, Oslo, 1970; E. 0stvedt, Henrik Ibsen som student og blant studenter, Skien, 1971;
  15. B. Hemmer, Brand, Kongs-emnerne, Peer Gynt, Et studie i Ibsens romantiske diktning, Oslo, 1972;
  16. E. Østvedt, Hoyfjellet i Ibsens liv og diktning, Skien, 1972;
  17. E. Østvedt, Henrik Ibsens barndom og ungdom, Skien, 1973;
  18. A. Aarseth, Dyret i mennesket, et bidrag til tolkning av Henrik Ibsens Peer Gynt, Oslo, 1975;
  19. H. Midboe, Peer Gynt, teatret og tiden, vol. 1, 1975, vol. 2, 1976;
  20. J. Haugan, Henrik Ibsens metode, Oslo, 1977; A. Haaland, Ibsens verden, Oslo, 1978; E. Beyer, Henrik Ibsen, Oslo, 1978;
  21. En ny Ibsen? Ni Ibsen-artikler, ed. by H. Noreng, Oslo, 1979;
  22. D. Haakonsen, Henrik Ibsen-Mennesket og Kunsteren, Oslo, 1981.

English

  1. G. Brandes, Henrik Ibsen: A Critical Study, New York, 1899, 1964;
  2. J. Huneker, Iconoclasts: A Book of Dramatists, New York, 1905;
  3. J. B. Lee, The Ibsen Secret, New York, 1907, 1975;
  4. G. B. Shaw, The Quintessence of Ibsenism, New York, 1913, 1959;
  5. H. Weigand, The Modern Ibsen, New York, 1925, 1960;
  6. P. H. Eikeland, Ibsen Studies, New York, 1931, 1970;
  7. H. Koht, Life of Ibsen, New York, 1931, 1971;
  8. Ibsen: Four Essays, ed. by A. Flores, New York, 1937, 1978;
  9. T. Jorgenson, Henrik Ibsen: A Study in Art and Personality, Northfield, Minn., 1945, 1978;
  10. M. C. Bradbrook, Ibsen, the Norwegian, A Revaluation, London, 1948, rev. ed. Hamden, Conn., 1966;
  11. B. W. Downs, Ibsen, The Intellectual Background, New York, 1948, 1969;
  12. P. F. Tennant, Ibsen's Dramatic Technique, London, 1948, 1965;
  13. B. W. Downs, A Study of Six Plays by Ibsen, Cambridge, 1950, 1972;
  14. J. Lavrin, Ibsen: An Approach, London, 1950, 1969;
  15. B. Ibsen, The Three Ibsens, New York, 1952; J. Northam, Ibsen's Dramatic Method, London, 1953, Oslo, 1971;
  16. J. W. McFarlane, Ibsen and the Temper of Norwegian Literature, New York, 1960;
  17. F. W. Lucas, The Drama of Ibsen and Strindberg, New York, 1962;
  18. M. Valency, The Flower and the Castle, New York, 1963;
  19. G. W. Knight, Henrik Ibsen, New York, 1963;
  20. Ibsen: Letters and Speeches, ed. by E. Sprinchorn, New York, 1965;
  21. Ibsen: A Collection of Critical Essays, ed. by R. Fjelde, Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1965;
  22. O. I. Holtan, Mythic Patterns in Ibsen's Last Plays, Minneapolis, 1970;
  23. Ibsen: A Critical Anthology, ed. by J. W. McFarlane, London, 1970;
  24. M. Meyer, Ibsen: A Biography, Garden City, N.Y., 1971;
  25. C. R. Lyons, Henrik Ibsen: The Divided Consciousness, Carbondale, Ill., 1972;
  26. H. G. Meyer, Henrik Ibsen, New York, 1972;
  27. M. Egan, Ibsen, The Critical Heritage, Boston, 1972;
  28. J. Northam, Ibsen: A Critical Study, Cambridge, 1973;
  29. B. Johnston, The Ibsen Cycle, Boston, 1975;
  30. H. Clurman, Ibsen, New York, 1977; E. Haugen, Ibsen's Drama: Author to Audience, Minneapolis, 1979;
  31. B. Johnston, To The Third Empire: Ibsen's Early Plays, Minneapolis, 1980;
  32. R. Hornby, Patterns of Ibsen's Middle Plays, Lewisburg, Pa., 1981.

French

  1. O. D. Lourie, La philosophic sociale dans le Theatre d'Ibsen, Paris, 1900;
  2. T. Lasius, Henrik Ibsen: Etude des premisses psychologiques et religieuses de son oeuvre, Paris, 1906;
  3. F. Boettcher, La femme dans le théâtre d'Ibsen, Paris, 1912; D. A. Reque, Trois auteurs dramatiques Scandinaves:
  4. Ibsen, Bjørnson, Strindberg devant la critique Francaise, 1889-1901, Paris, 1930;
  5. P. G. La Chesnais, Brand d'Ibsen: Etude et analyse, Paris, 1933;
  6. A. F. Lungé-Poë, Ibsen, Paris, 1936; M. Gravier, Ibsen, Paris, 1973.

German

  1. O. Brahm, Henrik Ibsen: Ein Essay, Berlin, 1887;
  2. L. Andreas-Salome, Henrik Ibsens Frauen-Gestalten nach semen sechs Familien-Dramen, Berlin, 1892;
  3. E. Steiger, Henrik Ibsen and die dramatische Gesellschaftskritik, Berlin, 1898;
  4. E. Reich, Henrik Ibsens Dramen, Berlin, 1902, 1928;
  5. W. Hans, Schicksal and Wille: Ein Versuch über Henrik Ibsens Weltanschauung, Munich, 1906;
  6. A. Aall, Henrik Ibsen als Dichter and Denker, Halle/Saale, 1906;
  7. J. Collins, Henrik Ibsen: Sein Werk-Seine Weltanschauung-Sein Leben, Heidelberg, 1910;
  8. A. Markowitz, Die Weltanschauung Henrik Ibsens, Leipzig, 1913;
  9. M. Jacobs, Ibsens Buhnentechnik, Dresden, 1920; R. Woerner, Henrik Ibsen, 2 vols., 3d ed. Munich, 1923;
  10. F. Schnass, Henrik Ibsen: Sein Wesen and Werk, Denken and Dichten, Langensalza, 1925;
  11. G. Wethly, Henrik Ibsens Werk and Weltanschauung, Strassburg, 1934;
  12. L. Binswanger, Henrik Ibsen and das Problem der Selbstrealisation in der Kunst, Heidelberg, 1949;
  13. C. Stuyver, Ibsens dramatische Gestalten, Amsterdam, 1952;
  14. D. E. R. George, Henrik Ibsen in Deutschland, Göttingen, 1968;
  15. F. Paul, Symbol and Mythos: Studien zum Spdtwerk Henrik Ibsens, Munich, 1969;
  16. R. K. Nitschke, Studien zur retrospektiven Technik bei Henrik Ibsen, Posnau, 1971;
  17. J. Wihan, Henrik Ibsen und das deutsche Geistesleben, Hildesheim, 1973;
  18. A. Biornstad-Herzog, Henrik Ibsens Bühnenkunst, Zurich, 1974;
  19. W. Friese, Ibsen auf der deutschen Bühne, Tübingen, 1976.

Italian

  1. A. Farinelli, La tragedia di Ibsen, Bologna, 1923;
  2. A. Foschini, Il teatro di Ibsen, Naples, 1936; M. Apollonio, Ibsen, Brescia, 1944;
  3. M. Campo, Henrik Ibsen: Sull'arte a sulla vita spirituale, Brescia, 1946;
  4. R. Jacobbi, Ibsen, Milan, 1972.

Spanish

  1. J. P. Rivas, Ibsen y sus obras, Madrid, 1916;
  2. S. Albert, El tesoro dramatico de Henrik Ibsen, Barcelona, 1920;
  3. O. Machado de Benevenuto, Ibsen, Montevideo, 1946;
  4. A. Sarobe, Las mujeres en el teatro de Ibsen, Buenos Aires, 1960;
  5. A. Arias, Ibsen, vida y obra, Montevideo, 1961.

Swedish

  1. E. Kihlman, Ur Ibsen-dramatikens idéhistoria, Helsinki, 1921;
  2. G. Rydell, Henrik Ibsen, Stockholm, 1932;
  3. O. Olsson, Ibsens Dramer, Stockholm, 1937;
  4. H. Brenel, Etiska motiv i Henrik Ibsens dramatiska diktning, Stockholm, 1941;
  5. G. Ollen, Ibsens dramatik, Stockholm, 1955;
  6. A. Ahlberg, Henrik Ibsen, Stockholm, 1964.